Mayendedwe a Cold chain amatanthauza kusunga zinthu zomwe sizingawonongeke ndi kutentha monga zakudya zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka, mankhwala, ndi zinthu zamoyo zomwe zili mkati mwanthawi yotentha nthawi yonse yoyendera ndi kusungirako kuti zitsimikizire mtundu wawo komanso chitetezo.Kuyendera kwa Cold chain ndikofunikira kuti zinthu zikhale zatsopano, zogwira mtima, komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwazinthu chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.Nazi mfundo zazikuluzikulu zamayendedwe ozizira:
1. Kuwongolera kutentha:
- Kuyenda kwaunyolo wozizira kumafuna kuwongolera bwino kwa kutentha, komwe kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri: firiji (0 ° C mpaka 4 ° C) ndi kuzizira (nthawi zambiri -18 ° C kapena kutsika).Mankhwala ena apadera, monga katemera wina, angafunikire kuyenda ndi kutentha kwambiri (monga -70 ° C mpaka -80 ° C).
2. Njira zazikulu:
-Unyolo wozizira sumangophatikiza njira zoyendera, komanso kusungirako, kutsitsa, ndikutsitsa.Kutentha kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa pamlingo uliwonse kuti pasakhale "kusweka kwa unyolo wozizira", zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutentha sikungathe kuwongolera nthawi iliyonse.
3. Zipangizo zamakono ndi zipangizo:
-Gwiritsani ntchito magalimoto apadera afiriji komanso owumitsidwa, zotengera, zombo, ndi ndege poyendetsa.
-Gwiritsani ntchito malo osungiramo firiji ndi mafiriji m'malo osungiramo katundu ndi malo osinthira kuti musunge zinthu.
-Zokhala ndi zida zowunikira kutentha, monga zojambulira kutentha ndi njira zenizeni zowunikira kutentha, kuti zitsimikizire kuwongolera kutentha mu unyolo wonse.
4. Zofunikira pakuwongolera:
-Mayendedwe a Cold chain ayenera kutsatira malamulo okhwima adziko lonse komanso apadziko lonse lapansi.Mwachitsanzo, mabungwe oyang'anira zakudya ndi mankhwala (monga FDA ndi EMA) akhazikitsa njira zoyendera zoziziritsa kukhosi pazamankhwala ndi chakudya.
-Pali malamulo omveka bwino okhudza ziyeneretso zamagalimoto oyendera, malo, ndi ogwira ntchito.
5. Zovuta ndi zothetsera:
-Geography ndi nyengo: Kusunga kutentha kosalekeza kumakhala kovuta makamaka panthawi yoyenda kumadera akutali kapena akutali.
-Kupanga luso laukadaulo: kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba kwambiri zotchinjiriza, makina ozizirira osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, komanso kuwunika kodalirika kwa kutentha ndi matekinoloje ojambulira deta.
-Kukhathamiritsa kwa Logistics: Mwa kukhathamiritsa njira ndi njira zoyendera, kuchepetsa nthawi ndi ndalama zoyendera ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa unyolo wozizira.
6. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito:
-Cold chain sichimangogwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya ndi mankhwala, komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ponyamula zinthu zina zomwe zimafuna kuwongolera kutentha kwapadera, monga maluwa, mankhwala, ndi zinthu zamagetsi.
Kuchita bwino kwamayendedwe oziziritsa kuzizira ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso chitetezo cha ogula, makamaka pakukula kwa malonda padziko lonse lapansi komanso kufunikira kwa zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri.
Kodi mumadziwa bwanji za kuzizira?
Kuzizira ndi njira yosungira chakudya, mankhwala, ndi zinthu zina pochepetsa kutentha kwake mpaka kuzizira.Ukadaulo uwu ukhoza kukulitsa moyo wa alumali wazinthu, monga kutentha kochepa kumachepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa tizilombo komanso kuthamanga kwazomwe zimachitika.Zotsatirazi ndi zambiri zokhudza kuzizira:
Mfundo Zoyambira
1. Kutentha kosiyanasiyana: Kuzizira kumaphatikizapo kutsitsa kutentha kwa chinthu kufika -18 ° C kapena kutsika.Pakutentha uku, madzi ambiri amapanga ice makhiristo, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timayima, ndipo kagayidwe kachakudya kachakudya kumachepetsanso kwambiri.
2. Kutembenuka kwa madzi: Panthawi yozizira, madzi omwe amapangidwawo amasandulika kukhala makristasi a ayezi, omwe amathandiza kuti mabakiteriya asakule komanso kuti mankhwala asamachitike.Komabe, kupanga makristasi oundana kumatha kusokoneza kapangidwe ka ma cell, chomwe ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zakudya zoziziritsa kukhosi zimatha kusintha mawonekedwe atatha kusungunuka.
Kuzizira kwaukadaulo
1. Kuzizira kofulumira: Kuzizira kofulumira ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yomwe imachepetsa kukula kwa madzi oundana omwe amapangidwa mkati mwa chakudya mwa kuchepetsa kutentha kwa chakudya, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a chakudya.Izi nthawi zambiri zimatheka popanga malonda pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zafriji.
2. Kuzizira kozizira kwambiri: Muzinthu zina zapadera (monga madera ena a kafukufuku wa sayansi ndi kusunga chakudya chapamwamba), kuzizira kozizira kwambiri kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo kutentha kumatha kuchepetsedwa kufika -80 ° C kapena kutsika kuti mukwaniritse. nthawi yayitali kwambiri yosungira.
3. Kusunga mufiriji: Chakudya chowumitsidwa chiyenera kusungidwa mufiriji yoyenera, monga mufiriji wa m’nyumba kapena kusungirako kuzizira kwa malonda, kuonetsetsa kuti chakudyacho chikusungidwa m’malo ozizira bwino.
malo ofunsira
1. Makampani a chakudya: M'makampani azakudya, kuzizira ndi njira yodziwika bwino yosungira, yoyenera zakudya zosiyanasiyana monga nyama, nsomba zam'madzi, zakudya zophika, mkaka, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
2. Zaumoyo: Mankhwala ena ndi zitsanzo zamoyo (monga magazi, maselo, ndi zina zotero) zimafuna cryopreservation kuti zikhalebe zokhazikika komanso zogwira mtima.
3. Kafukufuku wa sayansi: Mu kafukufuku wa sayansi, teknoloji yozizira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana zamoyo ndi zopangira mankhwala pofuna kufufuza ndi kusanthula kwa nthawi yaitali.
zinthu zofunika kuziganizira
1. Kuyika bwino: Kuyika bwino ndikofunikira kuti zisawonongeke ndi chisanu ndi kuumitsa chakudya.Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosungiramo zinthu zosunga chinyezi komanso zomata bwino kumatha kuteteza chakudya.
2. Pewani kuzizira kobwerezabwereza: Kuzizira kobwerezabwereza kungathe kuwononga kapangidwe ndi kadyedwe ka chakudya, ndipo kuyenera kupewedwa momwe zingathere.
3. Kusungunula motetezeka: Njira yosungunula ndiyofunikanso kwambiri, ndipo iyenera kusungunuka pang'onopang'ono mufiriji, kapena kusungunuka mwamsanga pogwiritsa ntchito microwave ndi madzi ozizira kuchepetsa mwayi wa bakiteriya.
Kuzizira ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri zochitika za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala, kukulitsa moyo wa alumali wa chakudya ndi zinthu zina zovuta.Kuzizira koyenera ndi njira zosungunulira kungapangitse kuti chakudya chikhale chopatsa thanzi komanso chomveka bwino.
Kodi mumadziwa bwanji za firiji?
Refrigeration ndi njira yowongolera kutentha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa kukhazikika kwa chakudya, mankhwala, ndi zinthu zina.Poonetsetsa kuti kutentha kumakhala kocheperako koma kupitirira kuzizira kwambiri, firiji imatha kuchepetsa zochitika za tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kusintha kwa mankhwala, ndi zochitika za thupi, potero kusunga kutsitsimuka ndi chitetezo cha mankhwala.Izi ndi mwatsatanetsatane za refrigeration:
Mfundo Zoyambira
1. Kutentha kosiyanasiyana: Firiji nthawi zambiri imatanthawuza kusunga zinthu mu kutentha kwa pafupifupi 0 ° C mpaka 8 ° C. Kutentha kumeneku kungathe kuchepetsa kukula ndi kubereka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso kumachepetsanso ntchito ya enzyme mu chakudya.
2. Kuwongolera chinyezi: Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera kutentha, chinyezi choyenera ndichofunikiranso kusunga chakudya.Zogulitsa zosiyanasiyana zimafunikira milingo yosiyanasiyana ya chinyezi kuti ziwonjezeke nthawi ya alumali.
malo ofunsira
1. Kusunga Chakudya: Kuika m’firiji ndi njira yofala yosungira chakudya.Ndizoyenera nyama, mkaka, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zakudya zophikidwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zakudya komanso kusunga zakudya.
2. Zamankhwala: Mankhwala ambiri, katemera, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe ziyenera kusungidwa mufiriji kuti zikhale zogwira mtima komanso zokhazikika.
3. Mankhwala ndi zipangizo zina: Mankhwala ena ndi zipangizo zoyesera zimafunikanso kuziyika mufiriji kuti zisawonongeke kapena kuti zipitirize kugwira ntchito.
Ukadaulo wa refrigeration
1. Zipangizo zopangira firiji: Zida zopangira firiji zimaphatikizapo mafiriji apanyumba ndi ogulitsa, makabati afiriji, zosungirako zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndi zina zotere. Zidazi zimatha kusunga kutentha pang'ono kudzera mu makina a kompresa firiji, mayamwidwe ozizira, kapena umisiri wina wa firiji.
2. Firiji yanzeru: Zipangizo zamakono zosungiramo firiji zingaphatikizepo zowongolera kutentha, masensa a chinyezi, ndi matekinoloje ena odzipangira okha, omwe angathe kuyang'aniridwa ndi kusinthidwa kupyolera mu machitidwe anzeru kuti atsimikizire kusunga kosalekeza ndi kokhazikika.
Kusamalira ndi kasamalidwe
1. Kukweza kolondola: Onetsetsani kuti zida za firiji sizikuchulukirachulukira komanso kuti mpweya ukhoza kuyenda momasuka pakati pa zinthu kuti zisunge kutentha kofanana.
2. Kuyeretsa nthawi zonse: Kuyeretsa nthawi zonse pazida za firiji ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kuipitsa komanso kusunga zida zogwirira ntchito.
3. Kuwunika kwa kutentha: Gwiritsani ntchito chojambulira kutentha kapena thermometer kuti muwone kutentha kwa zipangizo za furiji kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.
Kusunga firiji ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti chakudya chikhale chotetezeka, kuti mankhwala azigwira ntchito moyenera, komanso kuti zinthu zina zikhale zabwino.Kusamalira bwino firiji ndi ukadaulo kungathandize kwambiri chitetezo cha chakudya, kuchepetsa zinyalala, ndikupereka phindu lachuma kwa mabizinesi ndi ogula.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-28-2024